The invention discloses a solar energy and geothermal energy assistant centralized heating system belonging to the technical field of centralized heating. A heating station is provided with a geothermal source adsorption heat pump unit, a centralized heating system once-network high-temperature hot water drives the adsorption heat pump, a soil source serves as the low-order heat source of the adsorption heat pump, heating medium adsorbs heat from earth and releases heat in a heat-pump evaporator, and adsorbed geothermy is used for secondary network heat supply. In order to restore soil temperature, the system adopts solar energy to serve as an assistant heat source; in the heating season, solar energy and geothermal energy mutually supplements; in the non-heating season, solar energy is independently used to recharge heat into ground so as to restore soil temperature and keep the soil temperature balanced in the whole year. The system takes the adsorption heat pump to replace a water-water heat exchanger and improves system heat supply amount by recovering environment heat; a solar energy soil heat accumulation mode is used for improving the utilization ration and system stability of the solar energy heat collector; and heat network water is used for driving the heat pump, thus saving a great quantity of electric power consumption, and lowering operation cost.