The invention discloses an environmentally-friendly water treatment method of the scale inhibition and corrosion inhibition of an industrial boiler, comprising two steps of physical water treatment and environmentally-friendly water treatment: installing an electromagnetic hydrotreater in the water inlet of the industrial boiler; in the boil operation process, ensuring that the electromagnetic hydrotreater normally operates; and meanwhile, adding 0.2-10 mg/L of polyaspartic acid and 0.5-20 mg/L of sodium erythorbate in boiler inflowing water. The invention organically combines electronic water treatment with environmentally-friendly chemical water treatment to prevent the inorganic scales of an industrial boiler heat exchange surface from depositing, can remove formed old scales, and alleviates metal corrosion so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the boiler drastically. Compared with the traditional chemical treatment method, the technology has good scale inhibition and corrosion inhibition effect; meanwhile, a small quantity of environmentally-friendly scale anti-incrustation corrosion inhibitor is adopted to replace phosphorus-contained anti-incrustation corrosion inhibitor, so that the invention is safe, nontoxic and degradable, is an environmentally-friendly boiler water treatment technology and can be widely used for scale inhibition and corrosion inhibition of various industrial boilers.