The invention discloses a novel non-cement-based inorganic artificial stone slab and a preparation method thereof. The novel non-cement-based inorganic artificial stone slab consists of inorganic micropowder, emulsion, an inorganic pigment and an aggregate. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: stirring and mixing the components uniformly, sealing, vacuumizing, releasing into amold when the vacuum degree reaches a certain value, vibrating and pressing in the vacuum state to form a big blank, demolding, processing by procedures such as dragsaw cutting, polishing and protecting, and preparing the inorganic artificial stone facing slab at normal temperature. The gelling system of the non-cement-based inorganic artificial stone slab has a three-dimensional netty macromolecular structure with certain gelling performance and main Al-O-Si bonds, which is formed under the coaction of the inorganic micropowder and emulsion. Through data detection, the non-cement-based inorganic artificial stone slab has the advantages of stable structure, no combustion, ageing resistance, and resistance to corrosion of salt mist, salinization, seawater and other chemical media, has the appearance and texture of resin artificial stones after polishment, also has the advantages of good decoration effect, no toxin, environmental protection and long service life, and can be widely applied to various interior and exterior decoration projects related to natural stones and resin artificial stones.