The invention provides a mud cake performance comprehensive evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: (1) placing a loaded mud cake and an unloaded mud cake on a rotating tray; (2) applying a pressure onto the loaded mud cake, and recording the thickness and quality of the loaded mud cake and the unloaded mud cake respectively; (3) starting a linked rotating tray, and increasing therotation speed gradually; (4) recording an unloaded throwing rotation speed; (5) increasing the rotation speed till the loaded mud cake is thrown out from the tray, stopping the rotating tray, and recoding a loaded throwing rotation speed; and (6) evaluating the performance of the mud to be tested comprehensively according to the thickness and quality of the loaded mud cake and the unloaded mud cake, the unloaded throwing rotation speed, the loaded throwing rotation speed and set parameters. The method of the invention is simple, effective and highly maneuverable. In addition, the invention also provides a mud cake performance comprehensive evaluation device using the method.