Disclosed is a solar thermal power generation apparatus comprised of an electric generator (13) driven by a turbine (12) which can rotate about a vertical shaft (11),a chimney (14) which is provided along the vertical shaft (11), and has a lower end in which an intake port (14a) is formed,a transparent housing (15) provided so as to surround the lower portion of the chimney (14), in which an air inlet port (15a) is formed below the intake port (14a),and heat collecting elements (16) which are spaced from each other and vertically provided between the housing (15) and the chimney (14), and has an upper end which is provided above the intake port (14a), wherein air introduced from the air inlet port (15a) to the inside of the housing (15) is heated by the heat collecting elements (16), to generate an ascending air current, and the turbine (12) is rotated by the ascending air current and, thus, the electric generator (13) generates electric power.