The invention discloses an ultraviolet radiation characteristics test method and device of an electrodeless lamp. The method includes the following steps: evacuating a bulb body of the electrodeless lamp, wherein the bulb body has an ultraviolet transparent radiation window; filling the bulb body of the electrodeless lamp with inert gas in proper pressure and closing it; adjusting temperature of a cold end of a main mercury body; applying high-frequency voltage on a coupler of the electrodeless lamp to enable gas discharge of mixed gas of the inert gas and mercury vapour to generate plasma; and obtaining ultraviolet spectral lines of mercury atoms transmitted the radiation window by a spectrometer. The ultraviolet radiation characteristics test method and device of electrodeless lamp of the invention provide intensity variation of the ultraviolet radiation spectrum of the electrodeless lamp in different test conditions, and optimal conditions capable of effectively obtaining the electrodeless lamp ultraviolet radiation characteristics, so that foundation for deep study on improving lighting effect of the electrodeless lamp is formed.