The invention relates to a Chinese medicinal composition for relieving cough and asthma. The composition is powder or a powder capsule prepared by mixing the following raw materials in part by weight: 1 part of unibract fritillary bulb, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of almond, 1 to 2 parts of lily, 1 to 2 parts of sessile stemona root, 0.3 to 1 part of liquoric root, 1 to 2 parts of dahurian angelica root which can be added optionally, 0.05 to 0.5 part of manchurian wildginger, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of Chinese magnoliavine fruit, 1 to 2 parts of dwarf lilyturf tuber, 1 to 2 parts of common coltsfoot flower, 1 to 2 parts of aster, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of Chinese gall, 1 to 2 parts of pepperweed seed and 0.5 to 1.5 parts of blackberrykiky rhizome. The composition is characterized in that: the composition has unique curative effect on chronic pulmonary disease which is difficult to cure medically at present, can lessen symptoms of patients with long course of disease and even aged patients within three monthsand has the effects of relieving cough and asthma, making breathing easier and recover health; and the practical clinical application indicates that the effective rate of the composition is over 90 percent and the composition does not have toxic or side effect.