The invention discloses a wireless blasting vibration monitoring system capable of freely networking and a control method. A vibration sensor interface is respectively connected with a multi-channel analog switch which is connected with an attenuator and an amplifier which are in parallel, the attenuator and the amplifier are respectively connected with a low pass filter, the output end of the low pass filter is connected with the input end of an A/D converter, the output end of the A/D converter is connected with a CPLD (Complex Programable Logic Device) control logic which is respectively connected with a crystal oscillator, a DPRAM (Double Port Random Memory) and an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read - Only Memory), an MCU 224 (Microprogrammed Control Unit) is connected with the CPLD control logic, and a wireless transmission module is connected with the MCU through an RS232 interface. In the control method, an acquiring node is integrally initialized: a USB interface is requested to connect an application software; the acquiring node is successfully connected with a PC machine application software, the acquiring node as an acquiring center works; the acquiring node as an acquiring sub node works under the control of an acquiring center node; and the acquiring node as the acquiring sub node starts automatic monitoring. The invention has the advantages of convenient installation, low cost, high efficiency and stable signal, and solves the problem in the blasting vibration monitoring system.