The invention discloses an anti-icing and deicing device for an electric power circuit. The device comprises an ultrasonic generator, a high-frequency cable, a coupling capacitor, an energy converter and a wave trapper, wherein the ultrasonic generator is connected with one end of the high-frequency cable; the other end of the high-frequency cable is connected with the lower-voltage end of the coupling capacitor; the high-voltage end of the coupling capacitor is connected with the energy converter; the energy converter is accessed to the electric power circuit; and two ends of the accessed power circuit is connected with the wave trapper. A high-frequency oscillation signal generated by the ultrasonic generator is converted to a high-frequency mechanical oscillation signal by the energy converter to be transmitted to a medium, so that vibration occurs between water (ice) and the electric power circuit, and the water (ice) falls (separate). The device has the advantages of simple structure, small energy consumption, low cost, high efficiency and wide application range, and can simultaneously realize anti-icing and deicing for the power circuit.