The invention relates to a method for liquefying high-oxygen content coal by adopting direct hydrogenation, comprising the steps of: preparation of coal slurry, heating deoxidization of the coal slurry, dehydration, separation and recovery of light oil products, direct liquefaction of the coal, primary hydrogenation and extraction of liquid oil products and hydrogenation of fractions of circulating solvent. One part of oxygen elements and partial water in the high-oxygen content coal are removed, and simultaneously the concentration of the coal slurry is increased so that the method reduces the hydrogen consumption in the hydrogenated liquefaction process of the high-oxygen content coal, improves the processing capacity of a liquefying reactor and finally improves the yield of the light oil in a coal liquefaction process, thereby meeting the need of Chinese coal liquefaction industry development. The method can be widely applied to directly liquefying various kinds of light soft coal and bovey coal.