The invention relates to a preparation method of an aqueous rusty convertible anticorrosive paint, comprising the following steps of: (1) thermally carbonizing and acidizing a solvent to prepare nano solid carbon sulfonic acid and carbon phosphoric acid; (2) carrying out reaction modification by utilizing the polyhydroxy surface of a carbon material with trialkoxysilane; (3) taking complexation-type organic compounds, such as phosphate, tannic acid and EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) and the like as penetration enhancers; (4) emulsifying and dispersing metal surface grease to the materials by nonionic surfactants, such as OP-10 and the like to achieve the goal of application with oil; and (5) optimizing the formula of the material by taking bonderite as an additive by utilizing an orthogonal experimental method. The aqueous rusty convertible anticorrosive paint has primer functions, is rusty, aqueous and oily, performs good rusty corrosion resistance, can resist the corrosion of media such as sulfuric acid, hydrogen nitrate, muriatic acid, phosphoric acid, saline water, alkali, gasoline, diesel oil, petroleum and pitch and can be used for a long time in the environment of the media.