The invention discloses a high-voltage pulse electric field sterilizing treatment chamber for monitoring the strength and temperature of electric fields on line. Two coaxial treatment chamber bodies are formed from two tubular high-voltage electrodes and tubular grounding electrodes, the two tubular high-voltage electrodes are partitioned by an insulating tube, and both ends of the tubular grounding electrodes are sheathed with insulated protecting sleeves, thereby a coaxial continuous high-voltage pulse electric field treatment chamber is formed. A Hall element and a linear digital temperature sensor are installed in the treatment chamber, signals are sent into a single-chip machine after conditioning, amplification and A/D conversion, and then each parameter is displayed by a liquid crystal display module. The high-voltage pulse electric field sterilizing treatment chamber can ensure the distributing uniformity of the electric fields and also improve the flow characteristics of liquid materials to improve the treatment flow, and avoids the occurrence of dead zones, and the treatment effect is obviously improved; and moreover, the high-voltage pulse electric field sterilizing treatment chamber quantitatively monitors the strength and temperature values of the electric fields in the treatment chamber on line in real time and can provide data support for the simulated modeling of a treatment system.