The invention discloses a hierarchical cavity type solar heat absorber which comprises a solar reflector and heat absorbers, and is characterized in that the heat absorbers comprise an independent primary heat absorber and an independent secondary heat absorber, namely a primary heat absorber with an evaporation heating surface and a secondary heat absorber with an overheating heating surface, wherein the evaporation heating surface and the overheating heating surface are connected through a steam pocket. The invention has the beneficial effects that as condensers and the heat absorbers are arranged in a targeted manner, the heat-flow density can be effectively distributed, the safety of the heat absorbers is ensured and the operation difficulty is reduced; the tube wall thickness of the heat absorbers can be properly increased so as to improve the pressure rating of a working medium and the unit efficiency; and the condensers are arranged in groups and the heat-flow density of each part in a heat receiver is controlled within a reasonable range so that temperature near the heat receiver can be reduced and the solar heat radiation loss after focusing is reduced.