The invention relates to a control system and control method for operation and allowance of console in main control room in nuclear power station. The control system comprises a first-column allowing switch unit, a second-column allowing switch unit, a first-column operating switch unit, a second-column operating switch unit, a receiving and processing unit and an executing mechanism unit. The control method comprises the steps of judging whether an allowing command and an operating command of power supply devices in the same column are received or not, if so, sending an executing command and executing the operation according to the executing command. The control method can realize two-step operation of firstly allowing and then operating of the console of the main control room of the nuclear power station, reduce the probability of misoperation, avoid the operation failure of the whole column of equipment due to the faults of the allowing switches, meet the single fault criterion and improve the reliability of operation of the nuclear power station.