The invention discloses a method for comprehensively recovering valuable metals from serpentine type minerals (including lateritic-nickel-ore). The method is characterized in that the method comprises two steps of vacuum thermal reduction: the first step is to reduce the magnesium oxide in the lateritic-nickel-ore into metal magnesium by using the carbon as the reducing agent, and the second step is to reduce the magnesium oxide in the lateritic-nickel-ore into metal magnesium by using the metallic silicon in the residue of the reduction reaction in the first step as the reducing agent and adding defined amount of serpentine type mineral and additive, reduce the ferric oxide and the nickel oxide in the lateritic-nickel-ore into metallic iron, metallic nickel and ferro-nickel, and then separate the metals such as nickel and iron from silicon dioxide through magnetic separation. The invention has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, wide application range, capability of comprehensively recovering the major metal in the serpentine type minerals and being environment-friendly by having the whole reaction in vacuum.