The invention provides a three-dimensional object retrieval method and device based on hypergraphs, wherein the method comprises the following steps: computing a distance matrix among all views of a three-dimensional object in a database; clustering all the views according to the distance matrix to obtain a plurality of clustering results, and constructing a plurality of hypergraphs correspondingto the three-dimensional object according to the clustering results; fusing the hypergraphs to form a fused hypergraph, analyzing the fused hypergraph, and establishing the relationship between the fused hypergraph and the three-dimensional object according to the analytic result; and retrieving the three-dimensional object according to the relationship. By using the method provided by the invention, the problem of low retrieval accuracy caused by complex three-dimensional object information is well solved. By establishing a model through hypergraphs, the method can effectively analyze the relationship of the three-dimensional object, thereby obtaining more accurate and effective retrieval effect.