The invention provides a load balancing method of a single-jump distributing type hash table superposition network, comprising the following steps: a node in the superposition network comprises a node identification and at least one splitting identification, and the node identification only identifies one node; all the splitting identifications in the superposition network divide the space of a hash table into a plurality of hash table intervals, and each splitting identification is related to one hash table interval; and data resources are stored on the node to which the splitting identification related to the corresponding hash table interval belongs. The invention also provides a load balancing system of a single-jump distributing type hash table superposition network. By utilizing the method and the system, the splitting identifications are used for splitting the hash table interval and are independent from the node identification, thus the loads of all nodes in the network are balanced.