The invention relates to an image sharpening method based on mode prediction and direction sequencing, which comprises the following steps of: selecting the neighborhood of a pixel point MP to be sharpened according to the gray-scale value of an image, interpreting the local characteristics of the image, sequencing a plurality of calculation directions according to the grade of strength which requires sharpen more, and allocating different weights in different directions according to a sequencing result, wherein the sum of products of high-pass filtering results in all directions and allocated weight coefficients is the sharpening amount of the pixel point MP; and the gray-scale value of the sharpened pixel point MP is the sum of the original gray-scale value of the pixel point MP and the sharpening amount of the pixel point MP. The method reduces resource consumption, has high adaptive capability, anti-jamming capability and applicability, is particularly suitable for processing the details of the image, and ensures that noise is effectively smoothed.