The invention discloses a fault pipeline tong-gripping device. The device comprises a first tong arm, a second tong arm and a jaw arranged between the first tong arm and the second tong arm, wherein the jaw contains a first T-shaped steel arm fixedly connected with the first tong arm, a second T-shaped steel arm fixedly connected with the second tong arm and a fixing pin arranged between the first T-shaped steel arm and the second T-shaped steel arm; the first T-shaped steel arm is hinged with the second T-shaped steel arm through the fixing pin; the first tong arm, the second tong arm and the jaw are respectively provided with at least one rope connecting part; and the first tong arm and the second tong arm are respectively provided with a force-applying device used for driving the jaw to fold. The pipeline tong-gripping method comprises the steps of positioning, tong-gripping and recycling. The tong-gripping device can grip a pipeline fast and effectively to cut off the circulation of liquid in the pipeline and be an alternative to the stop valve. When an accident such as oil blowout or explosion happens, the tong-gripping device can be used to instantly stop the leakage of the pipeline and effectively reduce the harm of the accident; and the tong-gripping device can be operated remotely, thus ensuring the safety of the rescue operation.