The invention discloses a high-definition remote sensing image multi-class target detection and identification method which comprises the following steps of: firstly, regulating the definition of an original remote sensing image to degrade the same into a plurality of images having different definitions; and then, respectively carrying out the following treatments on the images having different definitions from the lowest definition to the highest definition: (1) extracting regions of interest, (2) carrying out prior knowledge-aided identification, (3) extracting features, and (4) carrying out target identification with a previously trained classifier. By simply extracting and expressing shape features, analyzing shared features and differential features to select dynamic features and searching regions of interest according to the distribution of feature quantities, the invention provides a novel remote sensing image multi-stage multi-class target identification method based on multi-definition information and a large-scale texture analysis result. The method ensures high detection and identification reliability and simultaneously improves the information processing efficiency.