The invention relates to an er-doped superfluorescent optical fiber light source structure for an optical fiber gyroscope, which comprises a laser, a power distributor, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a second wavelength division multiplexer, an er-doped optical fiber, a third wavelength division multiplexer and an optical fiber isolator, wherein the input end of the power distributor isconnected with the output end of the laser and divides the output light of the laser into two parts; the end a of the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected with one output end of the power distributor; the end a of the second wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the other output end of the power distributor; the er-doped optical fiber is connected between the end b of the first wavelength division multiplexer and the end b of the second wavelength division multiplexer, and the output light of the laser enters the er-doped optical fiber by the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer; the end b of the third wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the end c of the first wavelength division multiplexer, and the end a of the third wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the end c of the second wavelength division multiplexer; one part of light of the er-doped optical fiber, which is generated by laser pumping, is output from the end c of the third wavelength division multiplexer, and the other part is injected back to the er-doped optical fiber for realizing secondary pumping; and the input end of the optical fiber isolator is connected with the end c of the third wavelength division multiplexer so as to prevent the influence of the feedback light of the optical fiber gyroscope on the light source structure.