The invention discloses a method and equipment for checking a liquid object by dual-energy computed tomography (CT). The method comprises the following steps of: performing data register (DR) scanning on the liquid object to acquire the transmission image of the checked liquid object; analyzing the pixel value of the transmission image to judge whether the transmission image is layered or not; performing dual-energy CT scanning on the checked liquid object at the at least one position of each determined layer to acquire dual-energy CT projection data; performing CT reconstruction according tothe projection data to acquire a CT image which indicates the physical attribute value of the checked liquid object; exacting the physical attribute value of the checked liquid object according to the CT image; and judging whether the checked liquid object is an dangerous object or not based on the physical attribute value. By the method, the liquid product can be quickly checked.