The invention discloses a fisheye calibration method and a device, which can be used for calibrating most of camera lenses, and are accurate in calibration result, simple in operation and high in efficiency. The technical scheme is that the method comprises the following steps of: establishing a half-unit spherical model, and establishing a fisheye imaging relationship on a unit spherical model; initializing internal parameters, wherein the internal parameters are parameters of a fisheye camera and have nothing to do with the external environment; calculating a homography matrix; initializingexternal parameters, wherein the external parameters are parameters between the fisheye camera and the external environment; and performing Levenberg-Marqardt (LM) iteration to minimize re-projectionerrors so as to obtain optimized internal parameters and external parameters.