The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted wind power generation system which comprises a high-efficiency, energy-saving and high-rotary-speed generator, a wind-electricity conversion and electric power storage system, and an electricity-heat conversion and thermal storage system, wherein the generator is a universal rare earth generator, a fan blade can be an axial-flow fan blade or a centrifugal fan blade, and the shaft of the fan blade is magnetically connected with the shaft of the generator. Since the wind-electricity conversion and electric power storage system and the electricity-heat conversion and thermal storage system, the vehicle-mounted wind power generation system has the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental friendliness, complete function, and the like, can be used for effectively preventing the damages on the generator caused by excessive air current and realizing the full utilization of wind energy without a braking device; the vehicle-mounted wind power generation system can be arranged on various motor-driven vehicles; and the vehicle-mounted wind power generation system is convenient to install and energy-saving, and can be used as the energy sources of on-board electrical appliances on motor-driven vehicles and the interior heat sources of the motor-driven vehicles. The vehicle-mounted wind power generation system belongs to the fields of wind power generation and clean energy application.