The invention discloses an artificial seedling cultivation method of an endangered medicinal plant Himalayan mayapple to solve the problems of a low seed germination rate, poor emergence and a long seedling cultivation period at a seedling cultivation stage in the conventional planting process of the Himalayan mayapple. The artificial seedling cultivation method comprises comprehensive methods such as potassium permanganate seed disinfection, growth promoter seed soaking and pregermination, promotion of seedling euphylla generation and growth, and the like; and compared with the conventional seedling cultivation technology, the artificial seedling cultivation method has the advantages that: the seed germination rate of the Himalayan mayapple is doubled, the seedling cultivation rate is doubled, the seedling cultivation time is shortened to 8 months, and the seedling transplantation time is advanced by one growth period so as to lay the foundation for shortening the forming time of a Himalayan mayapple commercial medicinal material.