The invention discloses a method for correcting a translation error between images shot by two cameras, and the method comprises the following steps: simultaneously shooting a calibrated object by two cameras so as to respectively obtain a left-eye calibrated image and a right-eye calibrated image; determining a translation error between the two cameras according to the positions of the calibrated object in the two calibrated images, and then storing the translation error; and correcting the images shot by the two cameras according to the stored translation error. The invention also discloses a device for correcting a translation error of images shot by two cameras. By utilizing the method and device disclosed by the invention, the translation error between the two cameras can be eliminated effectively, so that a viewer can see clear stereo images.