The invention discloses an ortho-heterocyclic formyl substituted aniline compound as well as a synthetic method and application thereof. The structure of the ortho-heterocyclic formyl substituted aniline compound is shown as a formula (I) or (II) in the specifications, wherein X1 or X2 independently represents hydrogen, halogen or cyan respectively; Z is oxygen or sulfur; and R1 or R2 independently represents halogen, cyan or a thiocyanogen group respectively. The novel ortho-heterocyclic formyl substituted aniline compound disclosed by the invention has a good effect in controlling injurious insects, can be used for preparing pesticides in the fields of agriculture, gardening and the like, and has the advantages of high efficiency, low toxicity and environmental friendlessness.