The invention provides a construction method for hoisting and disassembling a bailey truss, which comprises the following steps of: preparing construction; assembling a hoisting system; connecting the hoisting system with a walking system; and hoisting and disassembling the bailey truss, namely debugging the hoisting system, making the walking system walk to the lower side of the bailey truss, lifting a chain block to hook the bailey truss, obliquely pulling the bailey truss by using a steel wire rope, lifting the bailey truss, making the walking system slowly walk to the outside of a box girder, lifting the bailey truss to a fixed point by using a crane, and repeating the processes until various rows of bailey trusses are disassembled. The construction method has the advantages of low construction difficulty, simple construction process, high safety factor, high controllability, small movement amplitude of the bailey trusses, and the like, is convenient to operate, and is particularly suitable for constructing municipal bridges.