The invention provides a service-based Internet protocol (IP) bearer network monitoring method and an IP quality of service monitoring equipment. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring a source IP address and a destination IP address of a service; acquiring information about an IP bearer network element between the source IP address and the destination IP address; acquiring the IP quality of service (QoS) information and routing table information of the IP bearer network element; and acquiring a corresponding relationship map between the service and the quality of an IP bearer network and a connection topological graph of service bearer paths according to the IP QoS information and the routing table information to realize the monitoring of the IP bearer network. The embodiment of the invention can link a core network and the bearer network and realize the comprehensive monitoring of the quality of the IP bearer network for the service.