The invention relates to a method for texturing the surface of a monocrystalline silicon solar battery, which comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing, in an ultrasonic tank, a mixed solution consisting of detergent with the concentration of 0.005% to 0.015% and sodium hydroxide with the concentration of 0.015% to 0.2%, heating the mixed solution to the constant temperature of 80 to 90 DEGC, and ultrasonically cleaning a monocrystalline silicon wafer within the constant temperature interval for 1-5min; (2) after the monocrystalline silicon wafer is cleaned, uniformly spraying a solution G on the surface of the monocrystalline silicon wafer, wherein the solution G contains 1% to 5% of sodium salt, 0.01% to 0.05% of carbamide and 0.0015% to 0.01% of lactic acid in percentage by mass; (3) preparing alkaline corrosive liquid in the constant temperature ultrasonic tank, and putting the monocrystalline silicon wafer in the alkaline corrosive liquid for being corroded, wherein the scope of reaction temperature is from 70 to 85 DEG C and the corrosion time is from 10 to 25 minutes; and (4) flushing the monocrystalline silicon wafer after corrosion reaction, and drying the monocrystalline silicon wafer by drying to complete the texturing on the surface of the monocrystalline silicon wafer. The method of the invention has low cost, is beneficial to absorption of solar energy, and can be widely applied to the filed of solar batteries.