The invention discloses a method for machining serial numbers of a ballastless track plate efficiently, and relates to the technical field of the machining of CRTSII ballastless track plates required in high-speed railroad construction. In the method, the carving, grinding and detection of the serial numbers of the track plate are performed synchronous by using an independent carving device, so the production efficiency of the track plate is improved; and the serial numbers of the track plate machined by the method are uniform in depth and attractive in appearance, and the service life of cutters for carving is prolonged.