The invention relates to seedling culture of fraxinus malacophylla and an afforestation method in treatment of stony desertification, belonging to forestry.The invention comprises seed collecting, culture bed making, seed treatment, sowing, bagged seedling culture, seedling drought tolerance training and coming out of the nursery garden. The whole process basically enjoys full exposure seedling culture.The afforestation method comprises soil preparation in advance, afforestation and nurturing.In the invention, drought-enduring culture and afforestation tests have been carried out on broad leaf arbor indigenous trees in the semiarid stony desertification areas for years, the trees have well developed root system; in the dry season, the trees adapt to the environment in form of fallen leaves, have the advantages of great drought tolerance, high survival rate, fast growth and is highly adaptable to the semiarid stony desertification areas; and the fraxinus malacophylla planted in the severely dry season for treating stony desertification has a survival rate of 78%.