The invention discloses a solar and thermocompression vapor-compression distillation type water purifying device, belonging to the technical fields of novel energy and energy saving as well as emission reduction. The solar and thermocompression vapor-compression distillation type water purifying device comprises a fresh-water tank, a solar heat collector, a steam sprayer, a valve, a compressor, an evaporator, a heating chamber, a concentrate groove and a heat exchanger, wherein the solar heat collector is connected with the steam sprayer; an outlet of the evaporator and an inlet of the heating chamber are respectively connected with the steam sprayer; the heat exchanger is respectively connected with an outlet of the heating chamber and an inlet of the evaporator; and the compressor as a branch is connected with the steam sprayer in parallel and is adjusted by the valve. The invention has the benefits that the device has a compact technological structure, conventional energy sources are saved and the investment cost is reduced; by adopting low-pressure and corrosion and scale resistant measures, the temperature of a solution to be treated is prevented from being excessively high, the corrosion is greatly reduced and the service period of the equipment is prolonged. Particularly, the method is suitable for the aspects of freshening seawater, purifying sewage and the like and isa safe, pollution-free and energy-saving technology.