The invention relates to a retractable motor caravan which comprises a main compartment body, a first retractable compartment body and a second retractable compartment body, wherein a kitchen system (A) is integrated in the first retractable compartment body; a rest system (C) is integrated in the second retractable compartment body; and a combined cabinet system (B) is arranged on the tail of the main compartment body. The main compartment body extends to the upward side of a head end so as to form a head end top chamber above the head end; beds which serve as additional components of the rest system are arranged in the head end top chamber; and a trunk, a pure water tank, a waste water tank, a dirt tank and a vehicle-mounted generator are arranged at the bottom of the main compartment body. The retractable motor caravan is provided with a retractable mechanical system; the retractable mechanical system comprises a retractable power device for each retractable compartment body and at least two common bearing beam guide rail assemblies for the two retractable compartment bodies; and the second retractable compartment body is provided with a supporting device which is used for providing a supporting force for the second retractable compartment body when the second retractable compartment body expands. The retractable motor caravan has an extremely compact structure and is provided with perfect living facilities.