The invention discloses an independent recording type refraction/ reflection compatible seismic exploration system comprising a probing unit, a processing unit, a data storage unit and a clock unit, wherein the probing unit is connected with the processing unit; the processing unit is respectively connected with the data storage unit and the clock unit; and more than three path are adopted for the probing unit. In the independent recording type refraction/ reflection compatible seismic exploration system, compatible design is carried out on a series of manual seismic width angle reflection/ refraction seismometers and deep seismic reflection seismometers used for probing. The independent recording type refraction/ reflection compatible seismic exploration system is provided with an independent collecting and storing high-precision time service system, is suitable for developing the probe of high-distinguishing manual seismic width angle reflection/ refraction and can simultaneously carry out the probe of subvertical reflection.