The invention discloses a fiber fabric composite energy absorbing material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreating a shear thickening fluid before atomization, atomizing the diluted shear thickening fluid, spraying the mist particles of the atomized diluted shear thickening fluid on a high-performance fiber fabric, and finally, carrying out vacuum composite compaction. The preparation method disclosed by the invention can conveniently implement large-size continuous production of the fiber fabric composite energy absorbing material, and is applicable to industrial production. The fiber fabric composite energy absorbing material prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of controllable components, uniform performance and favorable softness. The shielding product made of the composite material has excellent shielding performance, and especially has strong performance for resisting puncture of awls, knives and other edge tools; and due to favorable softness, the shielding product made of the composite material is comfortable to wear. The fiber fabric composite energy absorbing material disclosed by the invention is especially suitable for preparing military or civil shielding products.