The invention relates to a rotary cement kiln. The rotary cement kiln is characterized in that the high temperature zone of the rotary cement kiln is divided into a main burning zone, a secondary burning zone and a transitional zone, wherein the main burning zone adopts a magnesia-calcium-zirconia brick, the secondary burning zone adopts a magnesia-alumina-zirconia brick, and the transition zone adopts a Guimo brick. Compared with the prior art, the rotary cement kiln provided by the invention has the advantages of no chromaking, energy conservation and the like, thereby according with the development trend of a fire-resistant material used for rotary cement kilns.