The invention provides a sampling clock frequency compensation method and device. The method comprises the following steps: computing the position of sampling point number error existing in upstream data to be sent according to sampling clock frequency deviation; conducting phase compensation on the upstream data to be sent in frequency domain so as to compensate caused phase rotation, and compensate phase rotation to be caused due to conducting sampling point number modification on the position with sampling point number error in advance; and conducting sampling point number modification on the position with sampling point number error in the upstream data to be sent after a time domain is subjected to the phase compensation. For the method, preprocessing is conducted on the data to be sent at a transmitting terminal, and the sampling clock frequency deviation existing in the base band data of the receiving end and the transmitting end is eliminated, thereby realizing low complexity and low cost.