The invention discloses a PXI bus-based radio frequency real-time measurement vector analysis plug-in structural module, which comprises a PXI interface, a medium-frequency signal processing circuit (1), an analog to digital conversion circuit (2), a receiver circuit (3), a frequency synthesizer circuit (4) and an external plug-in card E which are combined into an integral modular structure. Quick real-time measurement and control such as real-time high-speed information process, real-time calibration and correction, system self-check, fault diagnosis and the like are provided simultaneously while radio-frequency spectrum real-time measurement, vector signal analysis, multi-display section and data processing functions are realized with an integral module design method by using an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) developing tool according to an upper layer software platform and a bottom layer real-time measurement and control and data analysis and processing part; and the module has the characteristics of reasonable design, compact structure, ordered layout, skillful installation, convenience for using, reliable work and the like.