The invention relates to a method for producing high-magnetic-induction oriented silicon steel by continuous casting and rolling of a thin slab. The method comprises the following steps of: smelting and performing continuous casting and rolling of the thin slab; dephosphorizing the casting blank by using high-pressure water for the first time; performing soaking; dephosphorizing for the second time; performing finish rolling; normalizing and then cooling to below 100 DEG C; performing cold rolling to reach the thickness of finished products; continuously decarburizing and annealing; permeating N2; coating a magnesium oxide parting agent and annealing at high temperature; and stretching flatly and coating an insulating layer. By the method, manufacturing cost is low; the defects that the surface of a steel plate is mixed with impurities and overlapped with skin and the like can be overcome; magnetic performance is stable; and the continuous casting process is loose.