The invention provides a natural gas hydrate and drilling fluid interaction simulation test device. The device comprises a circulating device and a test cylinder which are disposed in a thermal insulation box; the circulating device comprises two circulating barrels fixed on a base plate of the thermal insulation box; rubber sleeves are disposed in both circulating barrels; an upper chassis and a lower chassis are disposed on each of the circulating barrels, and both the upper chassis and the lower chassis are in sealing connection with each of the circulating barrel; the test cylinder comprises a pressure chamber cylinder; an upper end cover and a lower end cover are disposed on the pressure chamber cylinder; the upper end cover and the lower end cover are in sealing connection with the pressure chamber cylinder; a plurality of sound wave probes are disposed on the pressure chamber cylinder; a piston is disposed on the upper end cover, and the piston is in sealing connection with the pressure chamber cylinder and the upper end cover; a drilling fluid input channel and a drilling fluid output channel are disposed in the piston; the drilling fluid input channel is communicated with a connecting sleeve on one of the circulating barrels, and the drilling fluid output channel is communicated with a connecting sleeve on the other one of the circulating barrels.