The invention discloses a six-anvil multi-grade supercharging device, and belongs to the field of high-pressure physics. The device mainly comprises six anvils driven by a six-anvil hydraulic machine, at least two supercharging units and at least one pressure-transferring medium block, wherein every two anvils are symmetrically and coaxially arranged, and three axes are perpendicular to each other and are intersected at one point; each anvil consists of an anvil head, a pre-tightening ring and a cushion block, and the anvil head is assembled with the pre-tightening ring in a matching way; the pressure-transferring medium block is positioned at a point of intersection of the three mutually perpendicular axes, and the supercharging units are externally added or internally embedded, and are provided with high-pressure cavities; and the supercharging units and the pressure-transferring medium block are assembled in a grading way. According to the device, the value of pressure in the high-pressure cavities can be increased to hundreds of thousands of atmospheres, and solves the problem that the limit pressure value obtained by the high-pressure cavity of a six-anvil device is too low, promotes the complementary advantages of the six-anvil high-pressure device and a diamond anvil cell type high-pressure device to certain extent, and meets the development requirement of high-pressure physics and other basic science.