The invention relates to a high-efficiency anaerobic reaction device, which comprises an outer barrel with an upper opening, a water distributor positioned at the bottom of the outer barrel, and a suspended reaction barrel arranged in the outer barrel and provided with upper and lower openings, wherein the water distributor is connected with a water inlet pipe; a solid-liquid separation member component is arranged on the lower part of an interlayer between the outer barrel and the suspended reaction barrel; the lower end of the solid-liquid separation member component is connected with a water outlet pipe; a water seal tank is formed on the upper part of the interlayer between the outer barrel and the suspended reaction barrel; and a gas collecting top cap extends into the water seal tank filled with water to form a water seal area, and is connected with an exhaust pipe. The reaction device can well degrade high concentration organics in wastewater, efficiently and effectively separate gas-liquid-solid three phases, ensures that anaerobic sludge in the reaction device is hardly lost and scum is hardly generated, and has high treatment efficiency.