The invention relates to a method for preparing high belite and sulphoaluminate cement clinker by the aid of high-alumina fly ash. The high-alumina fly ash completely replaces bauxite and synthetic gypsum in traditional preparation of sulphoaluminate cement clinker and completely replaces natural gypsum, and a clinker system consisting of main minerals including C2S and parts of iron phases is prepared. The method includes particular steps: respectively grinding and sieving components including, by mass percent, from 60 to 72% of raw material limestone, from 22 to 30% of high-alumina fly ash and from 6 to 12% of synthetic gypsum; and obtaining the high belite and sulphoaluminate cement clinker by means of mixing and by the aid of a planetary mill, tablet compressing by the aid of a tablet machine and calcining in a resistance furnace. The method has the characteristics of short early setting time and high and early strength, and can be widely applied to self-stressing cement tubes, glass fiber reinforced cement products, rapid repair engineering and the like. The method for preparing high belite and sulphoaluminate cement clinker, a process and calcining equipment are simple, low in cost, excellent in early performance and convenient in popularization and application. By the aid of the technology, problems that massive industrial waste residues occupy land and severely pollute environments and the like can be solved, and effects of saving energy and reducing emission are achieved.