A quick heating type heat pump water heater for recovering shower waste heat is composed of a condenser, an evaporator, a throttling device, a compressor, a heat regenerator, a preheater, a primary water tank, an auxiliary water tank, a water mixing controller, a spraying device and a valve. The heat regenerator and the evaporator are installed under the feet of a shower person, the spraying device is arranged above the head and communicated with the water mixing controller, the preheater is arranged in the auxiliary water tank, the condenser is arranged in the primary water tank, the water outlet end of the auxiliary water tank is connected with an inlet of the water mixing controller, and the water inlet end of the auxiliary water tank is connected with a water outlet pipe of the primary water tank. One end of the valve is connected with tap water, the other end of the valve is respectively connected with a water inlet pipe of the primary water tank and a water inlet pipe of the heat regenerator, and the water outlet end of the heat regenerator is communicated with the water mixing controller. The condenser, the throttling device, the evaporator and the compressor form a closed loop, an outlet of the condenser is connected with an inlet of the throttling device, an outlet of the throttling device is connected with an inlet of the evaporator, an outlet of the evaporator is connected with an inlet of the compressor, and an outlet of the compressor is connected with an inlet of the condenser.