The invention discloses a fluorescence quantitative PCR (polymerase chain reaction) qualitative detection method for a rabbit-derived fiber composition. The fluorescence quantitative PCR qualitative detection method comprises the following steps of: step 1, carrying out PCR amplification by taking DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of rabbit hair as a template; step 2, detecting a fluorescence signal of an amplification product, wherein a reaction system for PCR amplification contains amplified rabbit-derived fiber composition specificity primer pairs and a rabbit-derived fiber composition specificity probe. The fluorescence quantitative PCR qualitative detection method disclosed by the invention can simply, conveniently and quickly detect and identify whether the rabbit-derived fiber composition exists in textile or not, has good specificities on the designed specificity primers and specificity probes and excellent sensitivity, and can detect fox hairs with the proportion of 1%(wt).