The invention discloses a single-motor and multi-encoder test table comprising a bottom board, a motor and encoders. The motor is fixed on the bottom board; an output shaft of the motor is connected with a shaft through a shaft coupler; and the shaft is fixedly connected with a plurality of encoders through a mounting board. The single-motor and multi-encoder test table has the advantages of simple equipment, easiness of mounting and dismounting, and safe and reliable work. The shaft of the motor is lengthened by using the stability of the elastic coupler, so that the encoders are simultaneously connected with the motor. The single-motor and multi-encoder test table provided by the invention has large application value and saves research and development cost.