The invention provides a furnace gas management method for an oil shale destructive distillation shaft furnace and a destructive distillation shaft furnace realizing the method, belonging to the technical field for distilling shale oil and combustible gas from oil shale. The furnace gas management method for the oil shale destructive distillation shaft furnace comprises the use and the control of the destructive distillation shaft furnace including a preheating section, a destructive distillation section and a waste heat recovering section, a fan, a pipe network and a heat exchanger. The furnace gas management method for the oil shale destructive distillation shaft furnace is characterized in that at the destructive distillation section of the destructive distillation shaft furnace, some gas which penetrates through an inner grate barrel, an outer grate barrel and a material layer of the oil shale is recycled. The destructive distillation shaft furnace comprises the preheating section, the destructive distillation section, the waste heat recovering section, a charging port, a discharging port, a seal device and a furnace gas discharging passageway. The destructive distillation shaft furnace is characterized in that the inner grate barrel and the outer grate barrel, which are repeatedly penetrated by the destructive distillation gas which is taken as a heat carrier and recycled, are arranged at the destructive distillation section of the destructive distillation shaft furnace. The invention is mainly used for distilling the shale oil and the combustible gas from the oil shale.