The invention provides a plasma ignition pulverized coal combustion system, which comprises a plasma generator and a combustor. The plasma ignition pulverized coal combustion system is characterized in that at least one spiral curved surface is arranged in the combustor, and the plasma generator, the spiral curved surfaces and the combustor are arranged coaxially. Primary air pulverized coal airflow is classified by the spiral curved surfaces, part of pulverized coal is ignited by high-temperature plasma sprayed from the plasma generator at first, a stable ignition source with higher thermal power is formed in the combustor, and then other pulverized coal airflow is ignited. The invention has the advantages that the plasma ignition pulverized coal combustion system is simple in structure, convenient to operate and excellent in performance, and fuel oil is omitted.