The invention discloses a sheathed circular truncated cone type filter press which comprises an outer circular truncated cone-shaped sleeve and an inner circular truncated cone-shaped sleeve, wherein the inner circular truncated cone sleeve is arranged at the middle part of the outer circular truncated cone sleeve; a filter press rubber sleeve is arranged on the inner wall of the outer circular truncated cone-shaped sleeve; a plurality of small holes are formed in the inner circular truncated cone-shaped sleeve; filtering cloth is arranged on the outer wall of the inner circular truncated cone-shaped sleeve; air inlet pipes are arranged at two sides of the outer circular truncated cone-shaped sleeve respectively; an inner sleeve water outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the inner circular truncated cone-shaped sleeve; a discharging plate is arranged at the upper part of a circular truncated cone-shaped filtering chamber; a plurality of discharging holes are formed in the discharging plate; a feeding pipe which is communicated with the inside part of the outer circular truncated cone-shaped sleeve is arranged at one side an upper cover; high pressure air inlet pipes which are respectively communicated with the inside parts of the inner circular truncated cone-shaped sleeve and the outer circular truncated cone-shaped sleeve are arranged at the other side of the upper cover; and a water outlet pipe of the filter press machine connected with an inner sleeve water outlet pipe is arranged on a bottom cover. The filter press dehydration is implemented through high pressure gas; fine coal grains are retained inside the circular truncated cone-shaped chamber to be formed as filter cakes; the filter cakes are discharged by opening the bottom cover automatically; the whole filter press process is simple and easy to implement with few maintenance and high efficiency; the solid and liquid separation effect is good; and the energy consumption is low.